Anbar Journal for Engineering Sciences

Recently, many attempts were made to use steel fiber reinforcement to improve some soil properties. In this research, the effect of steel fibers on the compaction and mechanical properties of cement stabilized soil (silty soil) was studied. Variables such as stabilizer (cement) content, amount and type of steel fibers were studied. Results indicate that the addition of fibers leads to increase in the maximum dry unit weight. On the other hand, a maximum value of unconfined and tensile strength were obtained with the addition of 0.5 % short fiber (FS) and 1.5 % long fiber (FL) respectively.

In this study , Silicon and Aluminum with and without cerium were simultaneously co-deposited by diffusion into austenitic stainless steel (AISI 316L) substrates, by a single-step packcementation process. Cyclic hot corrosion tests were conducted on coated and uncoated austenitic stainless steel alloy with 50wt.% NaCl+50wt.%Na2So4 deposits at 750C° for 120h at 10h cycle. The results show that the hot corrosion resistance of both coated stainless steels, was significantly improved as compared with the uncoated steels. The scale formed on coated stainless steel after oxidation in mixture environment was consisted of NiAl2O4, NiFe2O4 and NiCr2O4. Optical metallography (LOM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) was used to characterize the resulting coating and cyclic hot corrosion structures.

Portland cement consists of major oxides which include CaO, SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3 as well as minor oxides which include: SO3 , MgO, Na2O and K2O, the last two oxides are called alkalis oxides.
The research aims to study the effect of alkalis oxide ( Na2O+ K2O) on some physical properties of ordinary Portland Iraqi cement (type I) and sulfate - resisting Portland Iraqi cement (type V) provided from (Taslooja Factory) are used in the experimental work. The physical properties of the two types above , which are used in the experimental work, are initial and final setting time, soundness and compressive strength at (3, 7 and 28)days.
The results show that the values of physical properties of type I and type V increase when the alkalis percentage increases up to 0.6 percent, while the value of the physical properties of the two types of cement mentioned above begins to reduce even when the percentage of alkalis still increases.
Through the use of the ordinary Portland cement (type I) and the sulfate resisting Portland cement (type V), it is found that there is a little difference in the value of the physical properties.

This research includes the study of bending strength for the polymer composite materials. The first of all, the hand lay-up technology is used to prepare slates of the composite materials, epoxy resin was used as matrix for the reinforced materials that consist of artificial powders (aluminum oxide and copper) for reinforcing. The slates made of composite materials for both volume fractions 20% and 40% from the reinforced materials; all these slates were cut into samples with measurement (10x 100 mm) in order to carry out the bending strength test for samples by using cantilever bending test for both volume fractions 20% and 40%.
The results and laboratory examinations for these samples shows increase in the bending strength and modulus of elasticity for composite materials when the volume fraction increase from 20% to 40% for reinforced materials, and these values decrease when the samples were immersion in distilled water for (30) days.

This research, an attempt is carried to explain the use of new products of superplasticizers type (Glenium) locally recent period used in normal concrete strength,espeacailly in precast concrete. and the effect of medium hot weather climates on compressive strength of normal concrete made with various percentages of Glenium dosages , and to evaluate the dosages on workability of fresh concrete. Concrete mixes with two types containing of Glenium, G51 and G21. and different dosages of Gelnium, namely 0.8 and 1.2 liter per 100 kg of cement and reduction in water quantity about 25% Five mixes are made with 90 specimens, each mix contains 18 cubes ,half of specimens are cured by moist curing in normal condition, the other half of specimens are exposed to temperatures of 40oC.which is transferred to moist medium of hot water.
The properties which are covered in this work consist of workability which represented by slump test, and strength represented by compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity(UPV) tests. It is obtained that using the two types of Gelnium will improve the slump about (157% to 183%) compared with reference mix .The concrete cured at medium hot weather condition, show improves in compressive about (19.2 to38.12%) at 3 days age. The use Glenium type 51 is to be more suitable for normal concrete works in medium hot weather .

This investigation was conducted to assess the efficacy of some environmental conditions of soil specimens stabilized with optimum waste lime content 6%. These conditions are represented by cycles of (wetting-drying-freezing), (wetting-freezing-drying), (drying-wetting-freezing), (drying-freezing-wetting), (freezing-wetting-drying) and (freezing-drying-wetting). The soil specimens were subjected to these conditions, the durability of these specimens is study by knowledge the change in unconfined compressive strength, volume change and loss in weight. The results indicated that the unconfined compressive strength decreases with cycles for all conditions, but for different percentages according to the type condition. Where the condition more effect that starting freezing-drying-wetting. Also the results show that the specimens subjected to cycles of (freezing-drying-wetting) and (wetting-freezing-drying) destroyed at the end of eight cycle, but the specimens were subjected to other conditions destroyed at the end of tenth cycle. The results show that the maximum loss in weight for specimens subjected to cycles starting wetting-freezing-drying, and the maximum value of volume change for cycles starting freezing-drying-wetting. Finally these condition are regarded very severe conditions and effect on durability of soil stabilized.

In this paper, an analytical solution of a tapered bimodular beam has been developed. An Euler-Bernoulli beam theory with shear deformations has been utilized to obtain the solution. The bimodular beams are different from those unimodular beams in having two different moduli of elasticity one in compression and another in tension. A verification for the solution has been performed using FEM analysis with ANSYS. The results of the program were very close the results of the analytical solution presented in this paper.

To control on the operation of sheet metal forming without failure, A diagram is used in which the range accepted, failure and critical deformation range are shown. This diagram is known as the Forming limit diagram. It is considered as one of the important tool to determine the formability of sheet metals. Every sheet metal has its own forming limit diagram which determines its formability, strain limit and the forming regions. In this paper, the forming limit diagrams (FLDs) were experimentally evaluated for low carbon steel sheets with different thickness (0.6, 0.75, 0.85, 1.2mm). The highest limit strain in the forming limit diagram is found in the steel sheet at thickness (1.2mm) and the lowest limits in the steel sheet at (0.6mm), this meaning that the formability improve with increase the thickness of steel sheet. The effect of load punch is higher at biaxial stretch path and the lowest at uniaxial tension path. The load punch is change with different thickness of sheet at the same path. The maximum thinning is found in the biaxial stretch path and the lowest of thinning in plane strain path for all sheets.

The purpose of this paper is to developing a mathematical relationship between the Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) and the compressive strength for concrete specimens subjected to different amounts of exposure of sulfate attack.
The experimental data were collected from a research work by the author using concrete subjected to sulfate exposure and form a literature used an extensive concrete work without sulfate exposure. The sulfate exposures studied were 0%, 3%, and 6% of fine aggregate. It is found that with the same amount of sulfate exposure a clear relationship curve can be drawn to describe the UPV and compressive strength.
This paper proposes the UPV-strength mathematical expression suitable for prediction of the concrete strengths when subjected to sulfate attack.

The behaviour of high-strength fiber reinforced concrete columns was observed with a testing program of 7 columns, loaded eccentrically. The theory was analyzed by modifying the stress block diagram of concrete.
The experimental results show that using high-strength fiber reinforced concrete with fiber volume fraction of 1.0%, increased the column ultimate capacity up to 40% in addition to increasing its ductility and toughness, significantly.
The proposed theoretical analysis gave a good estimation of experimental results.

The aim of the present research is studying the efficiency and performance of Mosul Dam with respect of the seepage. It was depended on the dam field observations of years 2004, 2003 and 1990. These observations included a discharge measurements and chemical analysis of seepage water from three points at the downstream left side of the dam, and the chemical analysis of reservoir water. Also, the ground water levels of grouting gallery piezometers and opening piezometers at the downstream right side were measured. All these field observations were taken with every water level of the dam reservoir.
The results concluded that the dam embankments being a good efficiency with respect the seepage, however, the efficiency of the dam foundation, which presented by the grout curtain, is in a good condition in most regions, except the region limited between section (68) and (70), where the efficiency of this region is equal to (19.5%), (23.07%) and (25.55%) in years 2004, 2003 and 1990 respectively. Also, the results indicated that some sections of the grout curtain , such as section (79), being with not agreeable efficiency in 1990, where Is equal to (45.97%). But according to a continuous and intensive grouting, the efficiency of this section increased and become (73.74%) and (73%) in 2003 and 2004 respectively