Articles in This Issue
Abstract
In this paper, a proposed model based on phase matrix rotation was suggested to improve the performance of Multicarrier-Code Division Multiple Access (MC-CDMA) lies in Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm under the Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) and frequency selective fading channel. This model is used to reduce the effect of multipath fading. The results extracted by a computer simulation for a single user, then it compared with the original technique for MC-CDMA based on FFT for both systems. As a result, it can be seen from the proposed technique that a high performance improvement was obtained over the conventional MC-CDMA, where the Bit Error Rate (BER) is widely reduced under different channel characteristics for frequency selective fading and the AWGN channel
Abstract
This research presents an experimental and theoretical investigation of the effect of cutouts on the stress and strain of composite laminate plates subjected to static loads. The experimental program covers measurement of the normal strain at the edges of circular and square holes with different number of layers and types of composite materials by using strain gages technique under constant tensile loads. A numerical investigation has been achieved by using the software package (ANSYS), involving static analysis of symmetric square plates with different types of cutouts. The numerical results include the parametric effects of lamination angle, hole dimensions, types of hole and the number of layers of a symmetric square plate. The experimental results show good agreement compared with numerical results. It is found that increasing the number of layers reduces the value of normal strain at the edges of circular and square holes of a symmetric plate and the maximum value of stress occurs at a lamination angle of (30o) and the maximum value of strain occurs at a lamination angle of (50o) for the symmetric square plates subjected to uni-axial applied load. The hole dimensions to width of plates ratio is found to increase the maximum value of stress and strain of a symmetric square plate subjected to uniaxial applied load. Moreover, the value of maximum stress increases with the order of type of circular, square, triangular and hexagonal cutout, whereas the value of maximum strain increases with the order of type of circular, square, hexagonal and triangular cutout.
Abstract
Silica particles are directly introduced into polyurethane resin with different grain size and different volume fractions to obtain a new composite. Hardness, impact strength (charpy) and compression properties were studied with the conditions mentioned; Acid solutions and UV- radiation were the main environments studied on the samples prepared. The results showed that the acid affected the properties more than UV- radiation
Abstract
Severe three phase trips are simulated on four arbitrary locations of an uncontrolled power system transmission lines. The responses of three measurable state variables of the system (rotor speed, stator direct axis current, and stator quadrature - axis current) are recorded, and suitable ANNs are trained to detect and locate the positions of the corresponding trips. The paper proves that this method is quick, active and accurate to diagnose and find the locations of that kind of trips.
Abstract
In this study, silicon and yttrium were simultaneously co-deposited by diffusion into austenitic stainless steel (AISI 316L) substrates, by a single-step pack cementation process. Cyclic oxidation tests were conducted on the siliconized coating and on the yttrium doped siliconized coating of stainless steel in CO2 atmospheric pressure at temperatures 800° C and 900° C for 100h at 10h cyclic. The results show that the initial weight gain is rapid and increased as the temperature increased. The oxidation resistance of the yttrium doped siliconized of stainless steels was significantly improved as compared with the siliconized stainless steels. The scale formed on coated stainless steel after oxidation in CO2 environment was thick and consisted of Y2O3, SiO2, Fe2O3 and chromium oxide. Optical metallography (LOM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the resulting coating and cyclic oxidation structures.
Abstract
In this study, yttrium and aluminum were simultaneously co-deposited by diffusion into austenitic stainless steel (AISI 316L) substrates, by a single-step pack cementation process. Cyclic oxidation tests were conducted on the aluminide coating and on the yttrium modified aluminide coating of stainless steel in air under atmospheric pressure at temperatures 700 C° and 800 C° for 100h at 10h cyclic. Optical metallography and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques were used to characterize the changes in scale morphology and to identify the phases and oxidation products. The yttrium modified aluminde coating showed very good cyclic oxidation resistance compared to aluminide coating
Abstract
This study is the second stage of the paper “Studying the Effect of Rubber- Silicone on Physical Properties of Asphalt Cement”. The present study examines the effect of additives on asphalt mixture performance. Asphalt mixture has been designed by Marshall Method for determining the optimum asphalt content and geophysical properties of mix according to ASTM (D-1559). Rubber-silicone at different percentages (1%, 2%, 3% and 5%) was added to asphalt binder. Six specimens of asphalt rubber silicone mixture (ARSM) for each percentage are prepared and evaluated according to Marshall method. Diametric tensile creep test ASTM (D-1075) at 60 Co was used to evaluate permanent deformation and modulus of elasticity for ARSM. The study showed that the Rubber-Silicone has more effects on performance of asphalt mixture by increasing the Marshal stability, air voids, and reducing the flow and bulk density compared with the original mix. It also increases the flexibility properties of the mix and this appears from reducing the permanent deformation at test temperature (60C), the reduction percent is about (30 to 70) %.
Abstract
A numerical study regarding stress, strain, and deflection of a composite plate is presented. The plate, consisting of three layers of Carbon-, Boron-, and Graphite-Epoxy, was fixed at one end and loaded at the other end in a conventional cantilever configuration. Six arrangements were examined and the spatial distribution of stress, strain, and deflection of the upper surface were calculated. Generally, it was found that the order, by which the three layers are arranged, has a great effect on the response of the plate and the maximum stiffness (in terms of deflection) is achieved when using Epoxy with Graphite-Carbon-Boron as the top-central-bottom layers of the plate.
Abstract
The standard concrete mixing procedures indicate that during concrete mixing process, it is recommended to use fully saturated- dry surface course aggregates (FSDCA). It is clear that the exact application of this rule will produce a concrete of a good quality. But in practice, course aggregates are exposed to weather changes. This actual situation will lead to dry the course aggregates in summer and to over wet it during winter. To investigate the effect of using different moisture content course aggregates on concrete product in work site an experimental program had been done. This program consists of testing 54 concrete samples (27 cube +27 prism). The samples were divided into three groups (a, b, and c). The second group (b) was a concrete mix containing dry aggregates, while the third group (c) contained over wet aggregates and the first group (a) was the basic standard mix using (FSDCA). One third of the samples were tested in the age of 7 days, while the other third was tested in the age of 14 days and the rest after 28 days. Test results show that there are reduction in compression and flexural strengths of concrete due to the use of different moisture content course aggregates. Finally, new recommendations were concluded to be used in practice to overcome the mentioned repetitive error and to be more close to the theoretical recommendations in order to get better concrete properties.