This investigation was conducted to assess the efficacy of some environmental conditions of soil specimens stabilized with optimum waste lime content 6%. These conditions are represented by cycles of (wetting-drying-freezing), (wetting-freezing-drying), (drying-wetting-freezing), (drying-freezing-wetting), (freezing-wetting-drying) and (freezing-drying-wetting). The soil specimens were subjected to these conditions, the durability of these specimens is study by knowledge the change in unconfined compressive strength, volume change and loss in weight. The results indicated that the unconfined compressive strength decreases with cycles for all conditions, but for different percentages according to the type condition. Where the condition more effect that starting freezing-drying-wetting. Also the results show that the specimens subjected to cycles of (freezing-drying-wetting) and (wetting-freezing-drying) destroyed at the end of eight cycle, but the specimens were subjected to other conditions destroyed at the end of tenth cycle. The results show that the maximum loss in weight for specimens subjected to cycles starting wetting-freezing-drying, and the maximum value of volume change for cycles starting freezing-drying-wetting. Finally these condition are regarded very severe conditions and effect on durability of soil stabilized.
Problematic soils, especially clayey soil, are problematic for engineering projects in their natural state because of clay's swell-shrinkage phenomenon. Numerous methods and stabilizer materials have been used to enhance clay's geotechnical properties and make them appropriate for construction. One of the significant methods of stabilization of problematic soil is using waste materials like waste glass, waste stone, waste plastic, etc. Due to the waste stone's consistency reducing water content and increasing the soil's strength, it has been employed in many civil engineering studies. Waste stone is available in various forms, including waste stone powder (WSP). WSP is produced by blasting tunnels or cutting huge stone blocks. Hence, the main aim of this study is to review the influence of WSP on improving the geotechnical properties of problematic soils treated with WSP, for this purpose, the treated problematic soils with various percentages of WSP are compared with natural soils. This study evaluates physical properties (i.e., Index properties, linear shrinkage/swelling, optimum moisture content, and maximum dry density) and mechanical properties (i.e., unconfined compressive strength and California bearing ratio). Also, the effect of WSP on decreasing the thickness of pavement layers was reviewed
The focusing in this study was on the contaminated-uncontaminated soils' properties whichstudied by performing experimental tests included, Atterberg’s limit, specific gravity, compaction,unconfined compression, and direct shear tests. Different % of crude oil was used in thecontaminated soils which are performed by mixing the soils using different percent of were oilof 3 %, 6 % and 9 % by dry weight. The main effect of oil contamination causes a reduction in theliquid and plastic limit values for clayey soil. Besides oil contamination gives a reduction in themaximum dry unit weight as well as a decreasing the optimum water content with comparisonto original soil (clayey and sandy soil). The angle of internal friction is decreased for sand whileit increases for clay is one of oil contamination results.
In this study the effect of sodium hydroxide on the strength of clayey soil-cement mixtures was investigated. Clay soils from three various locations of Kirkuk governorate namely Erbil, Laylan and Hawija check points were used. The effect of cement content, curing age, curing temperature and concentration of sodium hydroxide on the strength of soil-cement mixtures were investigated, through carrying out unconfined compressive strength, Triaxial compression and C.B.R tests. It was found that the use of sodium hydroxide markedly improves the strength of soil-cement mixtures. The addition of about 1% of sodium hydroxide by weight of soil could reduce about 5% of cement content by weight of soil required to stabilize the soils effectively.