In this paper, the effect of using the strengtheners on the stress and deflection under the effect of a certain weight falling on plates made of aluminum alloys (Al Mg3)has been studied. The study was carried on through two aspects; experimentally and theoretically; theoretically by using (F.E.M LS. DYNA) program. After comparing the theoretical aspect and experimental aspect, greatly- close results at point of contact were found out, as follows: When using one strengthener, the stresses reduce by (14 %) and the deflection by (70%) with comparison of without stiffener case .When using two strengtheners at the ends, stresses reduce (77%) and the deflection (65%) .When using two strengtheners 8 cm apart, stresses reduce (56 % ) and the deflection ( 18%) . When using two strengtheners 4 cm apart, stresses reduce (60 %) and the deflection (31%)
The main purpose of this search is to study the punching shear behavior of fourteen specimens of Reactive Powder Concrete (RPC) two-way flat plate slabs, half of these slabs have been exposed to a high temperature up to 400 C° by using an electric oven. All slabs have dimensions of (400x400x60) mm, with steel reinforcement mesh of (Ø6mm) diameter. Laboratory tests show that there is an increase in the value of First Crack Loading (FCL) and Ultimate Load (UL) by (208, and 216.67) % and a decrease in deflection by (56.85) % due using slab with complete reactive powder relative to a slap made of normal concrete. The use of the (RPC)mixture in layers in slabs gave results close to the slab which consists of full (RPC) this gives the benefit of more than the use of a slab that contains full reactive powder concrete in terms of cost, the increase was in FCL and UL by (130.8, 169.23, 102.7 and 135.135) % and a decrease in the value of deflection by (37.17, 47.64) %. The use of a partial reactive powder mixture also showed good results, and by increasing the dimensions of the RPC area, the results were better. the increase in FCL and UL by (54, 116, and 185) % and (53, 116.67, and 166.67) % and a decrease in value of deflection by (36.12, 42.4, and 50.26) % from reference slab. When slabs are subjected to high temperatures, there may be a decrease in the value of the FCL and UL and an increase in the value of deflection when compared to models not exposed to high temperature. But when compared to the reference slab with the same circumstance showed an increase in the value of the FCL and the rate ranged between (50- 200) % and the UL was the ratio ranged between (51.35-208.1) % and a decrease in the value of the deflection where the ratio ranged (21-46) %
In recent decades, functionally graded porous structures have been utilized due to their light weight and excellent energy absorption. They have various applications in the aerospace, biomedical, and engineering fields. Therefore, the balance between material strength and light weight is the goal of the researchers to decrease the cost. Samples of PLA material were designed and manufactured using a 3D printer according to international standard specifications to study the effect of porosity gradient through thickness. An experimental three-point bending test was performed, and then simulations were performed using ANSYS 2022 R1 software on samples with functionally gradient different porosity layers to verify the experimental results. The results from the experiment and the numerical values were in excellent alignment with an error rate of no more than 13%. The maximum bending load and maximum deflection of the beam were specified experimentally and compared with the numerical solution. The maximum bending and the maximum deflection When the porosity layer in the middle of the beam, matched the ideal maximum bending load (190,194) N experimentally and numerically, respectively. The maximum deflection (5.9,6.4) mm experimentally and numerically, respectively was obtained in samples with varying porous layers.
A numerical study regarding stress, strain, and deflection of a composite plate is presented. The plate, consisting of three layers of Carbon-, Boron-, and Graphite-Epoxy, was fixed at one end and loaded at the other end in a conventional cantilever configuration. Six arrangements were examined and the spatial distribution of stress, strain, and deflection of the upper surface were calculated. Generally, it was found that the order, by which the three layers are arranged, has a great effect on the response of the plate and the maximum stiffness (in terms of deflection) is achieved when using Epoxy with Graphite-Carbon-Boron as the top-central-bottom layers of the plate.
Modeling and simulation are indispensable when dealing with complex engineering systems. It makes it possible to do essential assessment before systems are built, Cantilever, which help alleviate the need for expensive experiments and it can provide support in all stages of a project from conceptual design, through commissioning and operation. This study deals with intelligent techniques modeling method for nonlinear response of uniformly loaded paddle. Two Intelligent techniques had been used (Redial Base Function Neural Network and Support Vector Machine). Firstly, the stress distributions and the vertical displacements of the designed cantilevers were simulated using (ANSYS v12.1) a nonlinear finite element program, incremental stages of the nonlinear finite element analysis were generated by using 25 schemes of built paddle Cantilevers with different thickness and uniform distributed loads. The Paddle Cantilever model has 2 NN; NN1 has 5 input nodes representing the uniform distributed load and paddle size, length, width and thickness, 8 nodes at hidden layer and one output node representing the maximum deflection response and NN2 has inputs nodes representing maximum deflection and paddle size, length, width and thickness and one output representing sensitivity (∆R/R). The result shows that of the nonlinear response based upon SVM modeling better than RBFNN on basis of time, accuracy and robustness, particularly when both has same input and output data.
This study aims to examine the relationship between the corrosion rate of longitudinal tensile steel bars and the maximum flexural strength of reinforced concrete RC beams. The study's methodology is designed to show the structural behavior of corroded and non-corroded RC beams, such as ultimate load, deflection, stiffness, crack patterns, and failure mode. Three rectangular beams were cast with dimensions (150× 200 ×1200) mm, and all specimens have the same amount of longitudinal and transverse reinforcement and the same concrete strength. The major parameter is the theoretical mass loss level due to corrosion (0, 10, 15) %. Electrochemical technique was used to accelerate the corrosion in the longitudinal tensile bars. All RC beams were tested under four-point monotonic loading. The test results confirm that the cracking load in corroded beams decreased by 25% comparative to the non- corroded beam. The increase of the percent of corrosion experimental mass loss by 8.25 and 14.15 % decreased the ultimate load by about 14 % and 27%, respectively. This reduction coincided with the decrease in deflection values in mid-span for the ultimate load, which decreased by 53.9% and 46.3%. However, the flexural stiffness was reduced by 13.4 and 15.6% for corroded beams with mass loss (8.25 and 14.15), respectively, compared to the control beam (non-corroded RC beam).
Deep beams with rectangular cross-sections are widely used in concrete structures. In the present study, reinforced concrete rectangular deep beams cast with self-compacted concrete (SCC) which contains recycled concrete as coarse aggregate (RCA) were tested under directly and indirectly loading conditions. In the experimental work, fifteen deep beams were investigated, the first parameter considered in this study was the shear span to effective depth (a/d) ratio. The other variable is the replacement ratio by which the normal coarse aggregate is replaced by RCA. The beams were cast without the use of shear reinforcement. During the tests, the response of the beams including the cracking load, the ultimate load, concrete strain, and mid-span deflection were recorded. Test results indicate that the presence of RCA caused a reduction in the values of cracking and ultimate loads. For instance, the cracking load was reduced by 9%, 23%, and 50% and the ultimate load was reduced by 2% , 23%, and 25% as RCA replacement increased by 25%, 50%, and 75% respectively for a/d ratio equals 1.0. Further, by increasing the a/d ratio, the ultimate load was decreased due to the lower contribution of arch action shear transfer in the beam with a higher (a/d) ratio.
The aim of current work is to investigate the tensioned composite plates with two types of cutouts. Many industrial applications use composite matrix with reinforcement fiber to obtain better properties. The objective of this work is divided into two parts, first the experimental work covers the measuring of the normal strain (εx) at the edges of (circular & square) holes that are perpendicular to the direction of the applied loads with different number of layers and types of cutouts of composite materials by using strain gages technique under constant tensile loads to compare with the numerical results. The second part is numerical work, which involves studying the static analysis of symmetric square plates with different types of cutout (circular – square). In static analysis, the effect of the following design parameters on the maximum stress (σx), strain (εx) and deflection (Ux) is studied. This part of investigation was achieved by using the software finite element package (ANSYS 5.4).
This paper presents an analytical investigation which includes the use of three dimensional nonlinear finite elements to model the performance of the space trusses by using (ANSYS 11.0) computer program. The numerical results show very good agreement (100%) with experimental results, while the graphical option reflects the behavior of the structure under the applied loads because of the ability of this option to simulate the real behavior of the structure under these loads. Also finite element models of the space truss simulate the lateral deflection of the top chord members especially at the corners, and the twisting of the bottom chords.
This paper presents the experimental results of composite slabs under static and impact loading. Total of six specimens classified one specimen test under static loading and the remaining five were tests under impact dynamic loading with different parameters as type of connections and degree of interaction of composite slab. Low - velocity impact test was adopted by select the falling mass (4 kg) made from steel material and formed as ball shape without nose. The ball dropped freely from height of (2.4 m) and strikes the top of composite slab. The designed dimensions of specimens is (500×500×60 mm) as reinforced concrete slab that reinforced by mesh of (RBC) and the steel plate is (3 mm) in thickness. Deflection due to first crack is recorded, number of blows caused first crack and failure were counted. The test results showed that the welded stud connectors gives high strength capacity and resistance under static and impact dynamic loadings than other than type of connections, also, full interaction as degree of interaction is better than others
Plates with interior openings are often used in both modern and classical aerospace, mechanical and civil engineering. The understanding of the effects of two cutouts on the stress concentration factor, maximum stress and deflections in perforated clamped rectangular plates, were considered. Parameters such as location, size of cutout and the aspect ratio of plates are very important in designing of structures. These factors were presently studied and solved by finite element method (ANSYS) program. The results based on numerical solution were compared with the results obtained from different analytical solution methods. One of the main objectives of this study is to demonstrate the accuracy of the analytical solution for clamped square plate. In general, the results of the square clamped plates with two cutouts come out in good agreement. The results presented here indicated that the maximum stress, deflection of perforated plates can be significantly changed by using proper cutouts locations and/or size. The results show that the rectangular plate containing two cutouts arranged along the width is stronger and stiffer than when arranged along the length at a given spacing, and the square plate is always stronger and stiffer than an equivalent rectangular plate for the same loading condition.
The forced deflections of simply supported cracked composite beams are investigated when subjectedto moving dynamic load. The crack is modeled as rotational spring and used in the formulationof the composite beam with a moving load in sinusoid wave. The numerical solution issatisfactory compared to the experimental results. The effects of crack depth and crack positionsat different load speed are studied. The results show that the forced deflection increased withincreasing the speed ratio and crack depth.
The behaviour of multiple cracked cantilever composite beams is studied when subjected to moving periodic force. In this investigation a new model of multiple cracked composite beams under periodic moving load is solved. Three cracks are considered at different position of the beam for numerical solution. The results from experimental work compared to numerical solution. The multiple cracks are identified easily from the deflection graphs at different force speed. Influences of crack depth at different load speed are investigated
An experimental investigation as well as nonlinear analysis is carried out in this paper to study the behavior of polymer members (Epoxy & Polyester) under direct tension. The ANSYS model accounts for nonlinear phenomenon, such as, Tension Softening Material (TSM) and Enhanced Multilinear Isotropic Softening (EMIS) models. The polymer specimens are modeled using PLANE82 element – eight node plane element – eight node plane element, which is capable of simulating the failure behavior of polymer material members. The intention of this paper is thereby to discuss the proposed softening models to validate the complete Stress-Strain and Load-Deflection response of prismatic specimens subjected to uniaxial tension. The outcomes from the verifications of both modeling techniques have shown good agreement with the experimental results obtained from literature.